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(7728) Hard water
Water containing high amounts of dissolved mineral salts (mainly bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium) that interfere with some industrial processes and prevent soap from lathering.
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Irrigation
Drainage
Dictionary - Safe Use of Waste Water in Irrigation Terms
- Surface water hydrology
- Geohydrology, Hydrogeology or Groundwater hydrology
- Hydrological year, or Water year
- Headwater, or Headwaters
- Slush, or Watery mud
- Snowmelt, or Snow water
- Water-equivalent of snow, Snow water equivalent
- Drainage area, Drainage basin, River basin, Catchment area, Catchment basin, Catchment, Watershed
- Experimental basin, or Experimental watershed (USA, AU)
- Water parting, Drainage divide, Divide, Watershed divide, Watershed boundary, Topographic divide
- Storm runoff or Storm-water runoff
- Groundwater runoff
- Watershed leakage
- Headwater storage
- River basin management, Watershed management, or River management
- River basin model, or Watershed model (US)
- Ungauged basin, or Ungaged watershed (US)
- Water balance, or Water budget
- Groundwater storage
- Groundwater province
- Subsurface water, Underground water, or Subterranean water
- Groundwater
- Zone of aeration, Aeration zone, Zone of suspended water, or Unsaturated zone
- Belt of soil water
- Interstitial water
- Suspended water
- Capillary groundwater, or Fringe water
- Intermediate water
- Vadose water, Gravity suspended water, or Gravitational water
- Groundwater table
- Free groundwater, Phreatic water, or Non-artesian water
- Confined water, or Confined groundwater
- Perched water, or Perched groundwater
- Semiperched groundwater
- Fixed groundwater
- Connate water
- Adsorption water
- Attached groundwater
- Cavern water
- Cavern water reservoir
- Fissure water, or Fault water
- Juvenile water
- Metamorphic water
- Meteoric water
- Pore water
- Primitive water
- Rejuvenated water
- Water of compaction
- Water of infiltration
- Influent water
- Water of condensation
- Groundwater flow
- Artesian water
- Groundwater reservoir
- Water-bearing media or Water-bearing strata
- Groundwater artery
- Groundwater divide
- Water-table spring
- Water-table contour, or Groundwater contour
- Hydro-isobaths, or Isobaths of water table
- Belt of fluctuation of water table, or Belt of phreatic fluctuation
- Phreatic decline, or Decline of water table
- Cone of water-table depression, or Cone of pumping depression
- Phreatic fluctuation, or Fluctuation of water table
- Groundwater cascade
- Groundwater dam
- Highest stage of the water table, or Phreatic height
- Groundwater ridge
- Interstream groundwater ridge
- Groundwater mound, or Groundwater hill
- Groundwater trench
- Groundwater withdrawal, or Groundwater extraction
- Water table
- Water surface (groundwater)
- Phreatic low, or Lowest stage of the water table
- Natural water table
- Profile of water table
- Perched water table
- Semiperched water table
- Field capacity, Normal field capacity, Normal moisture capacity, Maximum field carrying capacity, Field capillary (moisture) capacity, Effective water-holding capacity, Specific retention
- Effective velocity (of groundwater), Actual velocity (of groundwater), True velocity (of groundwater), or Field velocity (of groundwater)
- Apparent velocity (of groundwater)
- Average velocity (of groundwater)
- Critical velocity (of groundwater )
- Groundwater turbulent flow
- Groundwater recharge
- Groundwater balance, or Groundwater budget
- Groundwater increment, or Groundwater accretion
- Groundwater decrement
- Groundwater inventory
- Groundwater equation
- Groundwater management
- Groundwater model
- Absorbed water
- Groundwater balance
- Groundwater basin
- Zone of fluctuation of water table, or zone of phreatic fluctuations
- Dead water
- Water surface slope
- Water-stage recorder, or Water-level recorder
- Freshwater
- Surface water
- Watershed
- Ponded water
- Freshwater lake
- Centimetre of water
- Head of water in metres
- Head of water in metres
- Backwater
- Backwater curve
- Backwater effect
- Bed building stage of river, or Mean water stage of river
- High water training, or Training for discharge
- Low water training, or Training for depth
- Mean water training, or Training for sediment
- Tail water erosion
- Moisture content, Water content or Moisture percentage
- Water-depth ratio
- Hygroscopic moisture, Hygroscopic water, or Moisture of condensation
- Capillary moisture, or Capillary water
- Combined water
- Bound water
- Imbibation moisture, or Water of imbibation
- Water of saturation
- Water of supersaturation, or Water of dilation
- Moisture-holding capacity, Saturation capacity or Maximum water capacity
- Actual water deficiency
- Unavailable soil moisture, or Unavailable water
- pF of soil water
- Adhesive water, or Pellicular water
- Soil water zone
- Available water
- Soil water deficit
- Soil water tension
- Plerotic water
- Superfluous water
- Gravitational water
- Waterlogging
- Waterlogged low land
- Slack water, or Slack tide
- Tidal water level
- Low water of ordinary spring tides (LWOST)
- High water line of tide
- Indian spring low water
- Watershed management
- Wasteway
- Operation waste, or Escaped water
- Waterway
- Standard waterway, Theoretical waterway, or Normal waterway
- Lacey`s waterway, or Lacey`s wetted perimeter
- Contracted waterway
- Dewatering
- Safe yield of reservoir basin, or Safe yield of catchment
- Surface area of reservoir, or Maximum water surface area
- Water surface
- Maximum water level
- Retention water level, Top water level, Normal top water level, Full supply level, or Normal water level
- Exceptional water level, or Abnormal water level
- Normal water surface elevation, Normal water level, Conservation water level, Storage level, Normal pool level, or Conservation storage level
- Waterstop
- River sluices, Waste outlets, or Dewatering outlets
- Control house
- Water intake test
- Factor of safety
- Pore pressure, Pore water pressure, or Neutral stress
- Hydroelectric power house, Power house building, or Power house superstructure
- Water turbine
- Water hammer
- Valve chamber, or Valve house
- Fuse plug, or Breaching section
- Fusegates
- Water seal
- Cup basin type water seal
- Tilted outlet type water seal
- Obstruction weir type water seal
- Baby siphon type water seal, or Maramsilli baby siphon type water seal
- Auxiliary siphon type water seal
- Overfall weir type water seal, or Priming weir type water seal
- Mechanically induced water seal
- Tudel type water seal, Stepped type water seal, Offset type water seal, or Joggle type water seal
- Clear overfall type water seal
- Baffle type water seal
- Stilling basin, Tumble way, Hydraulic energy dissipator, Water-stilling device, or Energy dissipating device
- Water cushion, Stilling pool, or Cistern
- Tailwater rating curve, or Downstream stage discharge curve
- Whiting`s gate, or Whiting`s self-acting waste weir gate
- Water-sediment complex
- Normal safety freeboard, or Standard freeboard
- Waste concrete
- Water level diagram
- Constriction water-meter
- Mixed water levels control gate
- Flushing water
- Superfluous water
- Extra water, or Escapages
- Surplus water
- Excess water, or Surcharge water
- Waste water
- Wasteways
- Outfall channel, Escape channel, Discharge channel, Waste channel, Wasteway channel, or Wasteway outlet
- Guard gates, or Double safety lock gates
- Lockage water
- Thrift basin chamber, Economizing chamber, Water saving chamber, Thrift lock
- Headwater
- Tailwater
- Irrigation pipe aqueduct, Pipe aqueduct, Pipe flume
- Syphon, Inverted siphon, Irrigation syphon, Canal syphon, Syphon superpassage
- Causeway
- Cut-water
- Sharp (nose) cut-water, or Pointed (nose) cut-water
- Blunt (nose) cut-water
- Circular (nose) cut-water, or Half round cut-water
- Segmental cut-water
- Straight (line, surface) sharp cut-water, Equilateral cut-water, or Sixty degree straight sharp cut-water
- Elliptical cut-water
- Asymmetrical (nose) cut-water
- Ease-water, Fairing
- Overall waterway
- Clear waterway, Clear span
- Water mill
- Water flour mill
- Pelton wheel, Pelton water wheel, Tangential turbine
- Groundwater conservation
- Safe yield
- Groundwater mining
- Groundwater overdraft
- Lift irrigation area, or Lift area
- Water allowance
- Integrated Water Resources Management
- Water right
- Water sales
- Continuous-flow irrigation
- Water account
- Water requirement
- Period of shortage of water
- Excess water
- Water-right
- Block system (a term used in India in the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat)
- Night-storage irrigation system
- Waterman, or Water bailiff
- Intermittent-flow irrigation system
- Irrigation return flow
- Watercourses
- Sub-watercourses
- Tail drain, or Waste ditch
- Down the watercourse turn
- Round the watercourse turn
- Farm irrigation structures
- Levee district, District water board, or Water board of polder
- Groundwater storeys
- Confined-water well
- Observation well, Groundwater station, Monitor well, or Piezometer
- Depleted phreatic surface, or Depleted water table
- Cone of depression, Cone of pumping depression, Cone of influence, Cone of exhaustion, Cone of water table depression, or Cone of pressure relief
- Artesian water power
- Prospecting (groundwater)
- Dowsing, Water witching, or Divining
- Dowser, Divining rod, Dipping rod, Water witching stick, or Wiggle stick
- See-saw water lift, Picotah, Picottah, Piccota, or Pikota
- Improved water wheel, Chakram
- Water ladder, Chinese dragon wheel, Rahad
- Pump house
- Diffuser, or Diffuser vanes
- Water wheel
- Undershot water wheel
- Collective irrigation system
- Individual irrigation system
- Perennial irrigation
- Seasonal irrigation
- Supplemental irrigation
- Systematic irrigation
- Flow irrigation, or Gravity irrigation
- Pumping irrigation
- Inundation irrigation
- Irrigation from a storage reservoir
- Irrigation from groundwater
- Irrigation by flood water spreading
- Sailab irrigation (a term used in India and Pakistan)
- Micro basin irrigation
- Irrigation by spreading
- Irrigation
- Irrigation interval
- Irrigation dose
- Ideal irrigation interval
- Irrigation season
- Fall irrigation (USA)
- Winter irrigation (USA)
- Early irrigation (USA)
- Preliminary watering
- First watering
- Sub-irrigation
- Overirrigation
- Irrigation canals
- Waste channels, or Tail escapes
- Surface irrigation
- Flood irrigation
- Basin method of irrigation, or Irrigation by beds
- Flush irrigation
- Spate irrigation
- Border irrigation, or Border method
- Flooding from ditches, or (contour ditch irrigation)
- Corrugation irrigation
- Furrow irrigation
- Surge irrigation
- Duration of irrigation
- Secondary flow, Two discharge, or Cutback irrigation
- Primary flow irrigation (single discharge)
- Recycling system, Reuse system
- Wave irrigation
- Irrigation through buried drains, Irrigation-drainage, or Vallenhove process
- Irrigation by nappe control, or Ramspol process
- Selection of irrigation parameters
- Sprinkler irrigation
- Irrigation terminal
- Irrigation device
- Perforated pipe sprinkler irrigation
- Irrigation sprinkler machine
- Centre pivot irrigation
- Lateral-move irrigation machine sprinkler method
- Solid set irrigation
- Piloting of irrigation
- Irrigation cycle
- Diffuser (fixed)
- Distribution pattern (of a sprinkler diffuser)
- Range (of a sprinkler or diffuser)
- Minimum operating pressure (of a sprinkler or diffuser)
- Test pressure (of a sprinkler or diffuser)
- Micro-irrigation, Localized irrigation, Drip irrigation, Trickle irrigation
- Mini-diffusers
- Mobile micro-irrigation
- Pulse irrigation
- Surface drip irrigation
- Buried drip irrigation
- Drip irrigation functioning by propulsions
- Micro-irrigation network
- Micro-irrigation nozzle-line
- Irrigation dose
- Semi-automatic control (of irrigation)
- Micro-irrigation system with hydraulic sequential operation
- Automatic control (of irrigation)
- Porous wall microirrigation tubing
- Mini-diffusers
- Maximum safety pressure difference of a filter
- Proportional irrigation pump
- Injected water ratio, or Driving water ratio
- Irrigation water
- Profitable crop water requirement, or Unit water requirement
- Water requirement, Net water requirement, Total water requirement
- Optimum water requirement
- Irrigation water requirement, Irrigation need
- Net irrigation requirement, Farm delivery requirement, or Delta at farm
- Crop irrigation requirement
- Critical water deficit
- Possible water expenditure
- Diversion requirement, Gross irrigation requirement, or Delta at head of main canal
- Crop water requirement
- Optimum irrigation requirements
- Actual water income
- Desired water income
- Duty, or Water duty
- Designed duty of water
- Economic water duty
- Operational wastes, or Delivery losses
- Consumptive water use or Consumptive use
- District consumptive use
- Optimum consumptive use
- Seasonal consumptive use
- Effective water use
- Non-beneficial consumptive use
- Water application efficiency
- Water storage efficiency
- Irrigation efficiency, Farm irrigation efficiency, Farm delivery efficiency, Water conveyance and delivery efficiency, or Overall efficiency
- Irrigation water-requirement
- Available soil water storage
- Field water balance
- Groundwater table
- Method of water delivery
- Peak period crop water requirements
- Soil water stress
- Soil water content
- Soil water tension
- Total available soil water storage
- Total soil water storage
- Subirrigation
- Surge irrigation
- Crop water use efficiency or Crop water use index
- Irrigation water use efficiency
- Unit irrigation efficiency
- Economic efficiency of irrigation
- Irrigation efficiency
- Agronomic efficiency of irrigation or Agronomic productivity of irrigation
- Level of satisfaction of the water requirement of users
- Degree of durability of irrigation
- Surface water
- Perched water table
- Groundwater table
- Watershed
- Artesian water
- Water bearing
- Excess water
- Field capacity, Field moisture capacity, Normal field capacity, Normal capacity, Capillary capacity, Maximum field carrying capacity, Field capillary (moisture) capacity, Effective water holding capacity
- Free water
- Phreatic water
- Soil water head
- Total head, Total hydraulic head or Total soil water potential
- Unconfined water
- Water devide
- Safe velocity
- Backwater gate
- Water gate
- Waterproof cement
- Water repellent cement
- Water-reducing agent, or Wetting agent
- Water-repelling agent
- Water-cement ratio
- Moist curing, Water curing
- Bulk density, Void content, Specific gravity, Water absorption
- Water paints
- Water coffer dam
- Pump house, or Pumping station
- Multi-use bit
- Safety fuse
- Batchers, Aggregate batcher, Water batcher, Cement batcher
- Dewatering
- Programmed irrigation
- Fully automatic irrigation system
- Semi-automatic field water distribution system, or Partially automatic system
- Water level control system (pumps)
- Irrigation development project or system
- Pricing - Users` fees
- Users Training
- User fees
- Water resources of artificial origin
- Water erosion
- Headwater erosion
- Aggressive water
- Total potential (of soil water)
- Soil water pressure
- Water content
- Soil Water Characteristics Curve
- Differential water capacity
- Soil water diffusivity
- Water control
- Watershed management
- Land-use-capability classes
- Grassed waterways, or Sod waterways
- Water salinity
- Waste water re-use
- Freshwater peat
- Water Resource
- Non‑consumptive use
- Cold‑water fishery
- Biological waste
- Warm‑water fishery
- Waste
- Hazardous waste
- Hazardous waste management
- Industrial waste
- Pathogenic waste
- Incompatible waste
- Residual waste
- Greenhouse effect
- Radioactive waste
- Solid waste
- Refuse
- Food waste
- Infectious waste
- Bulky wastes
- Nitrogenous wastes
- Organic refuse
- Inorganic refuse
- Water pollution
- Water quality
- Waterborne diseases
- Water disturbance
- Groundwater contamination
- Liquid waste
- Laundry wastes
- Industrial wastewater
- Raw water
- Reclaimed water
- Direct reuse
- Receiving waters
- Cooling water
- Wastewater
- Sanitary wastewater
- Municipal wastewater
- Domestic sewage, Domestic effluents, Domestic wastes, or Domestic wastewater
- Sullage water
- Stormwater runoff
- Stormwater overflow:
- Combined wastewater
- Compatible industrial wastewater
- Wastewater reclamation, waste water treatment
- Primary treatment, or Primary waste treatment
- Clarified wastewater
- Dewatering
- Decomposition of wastewater
- Coagulated wastewater
- Aerobic waste treatment
- Filtered wastewater
- Advanced waste treatment
- Disinfected wastewater
- Oxidized wastewater
- Slow rate wastewater land treatment
- Rapid infiltration wastewater land treatment
- Overland flow wastewater land treatment
- Reuse
- Indirect reuse
- Water quality management
- Water quality standards
- Drinking water standards
- Anti‑degradation clause
- Composite water sample
- Water quality criteria
- Waste management
- Waste reduction
- Waste processing
- Waste treatment
- Waste load allocation
- Agricultural waste
- Water penetration
- Dystrophic water
- Drinking water supply
- Potable water
- Soft water
- Hard water
- Brackish water
- Salt water intrusion
- Irrigation
- Surface irrigation
- Basin Irrigation
- Overhead irrigation
- Sub‑irrigation
- Microirrigation
- Trickle irrigation
- Drip irrigation
- Total irrigation
- Supplemental irrigation
- Preplant irrigation
- Organic irrigation
- Surface water problem
- Water‑gathering surface
- Water neutral surface
- Water‑spreading surface
- Ground-water table control ditch
- Groundwater flooding
- Watershed
- Flood mark, High watermark, or Rack mark
- Flood meter, or Water level gauge
- Highest high water
- Fuseplug levee
- Overflowing, or Overtopping by high water level
- Water-retaining side, Wet side, or Outer side of the dike
- Floodplain land use planning
- Houses and structures raising
- Watercourse law
- Multiuser
- User-friendly program
- Mouse
- Water tunnel
- Refraction (of water waves)
- Diffraction (of water waves)
- Project, Scheme, Water project, or Water resources development project
- Conjunctive irrigation planning
- Irrigation project
- Watershed project
- Municipal water
- Industrial water
- Domestic water
- Commercial water
- Public water
- Recreational uses of water
- Irrigation potential
- Land-use pattern
- Agricultural water use
- Artificial groundwater recharge
- Groundwater system, or Groundwater basin
- Kanat, Foggara, Karez (used in Baluchistan), Rhettara (used in Morocco), or Qanat (used in Iran)
- Land use
- Water conservation
- Watercourse
- Water management
- Water policy
- Water resources
- Heavily modified water body
- Surface water body
- Water services
- Water resources appraisal
- Water resources survey
- Available water supply
- Phases of water resources development
- Underground water basin
- Partially developed underground water basin
- Fully developed underground water basin
- Groundwater investigations, or Geohydrological investigations
- Geochemical and geothermal water surveys
- Assessment of irrigation charges
- Increment in land revenue, Water advantage rate, or Canal advantage rate
- Irrigation cess
- Water rate, Water charge, Irrigation rate, or Irrigation assessment
- Water rental
- Minimum water rental charge
- Volumetric water rate
- Occupier`s water rate, or Crop water rate
- Agreement water rate, or Lease water rate
- Differential water rate
- Primary benefits, Primary effects, Direct irrigation benefits, or Direct irrigation effects
- Secondary benefits, Secondary effects, Indirect irrigation benefits, or Indirect irrigation effects
- Domestic, municipal and industrial water benefits
- Economic value of unit of irrigation water
- Revenue value of a unit of irrigation water
- Use of facilities method
- Ceiling allocation, or Priority of use method
- User charge
- Freshwater Lens
- Greenhouse Effect
- Greenhouse Gas
